First, the technical answer. A grant is a sum of money “funders” or “grant makers” provide to an “applicant” or “grant seeker” for a specific purpose. Grant funding does not have to be repaid–it is not a loan. In some cases, however, if a grant is not used as intended, the funds must be refunded to the grantmaker.
Many grants, though not all, require a report from the grant recipient to the funder detailing how the funds were used. It is illegal to use grant funds for purposes other than as outlined in the grant award unless alternate arrangements are agreed upon by both the funder and the recipient.
From a grantsmanship standpoint: a grant is a tool nonprofits use to address important issues within their communities. A grant proposal is actually a call to action. It’s a request that a funder join the nonprofit as a partner in achieving specific results. At its best, a grant proposal is a compelling and well-supported argument for change.